Internal-combustion engine



May 29, 1928. 1,671,661

s. s. ALLWlLL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Feb. 7, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l I N VEN TOR.

Jleplen Jeymaur A22 wiZZ BY I A TTORNE Y.

May 29, 1928. 1,671,661

S. s. ALLWILL INTERNAL COMBUSTI 0N ENGINE Filed Feb-v, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Jteplle'n Seymour AZZwo ZZ A TTORNE Y.

May 29, 1928. 1,671,661 S. S. ALLWILL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Fe 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I NVEN TOR.

Stephen Seymour All wiZZ am/M A TTORNE Y.

Patented May 29, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATEN STEPHEN SEYMOUR ,ALLWI L, or AUCKLAND, new ,zEALaNp', ASSIGNOR r0 TILE .ALLWILL VARIABLE comrnnssron ENGINE co'.,v r.rn,, or, LAND, A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OFNEW ,ZEALAND.

AUCKLAND, NEW ZEA- INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed FebmaryY, 1927. Serial No. 166,495.

This invention relates to an improvement tween the combustion chamber and the spark plug when the latter is located in the sides of the cylinder. A still further object resides in the tapered upper portions of the sleeves which act as bearings and prevent a downward movement of the sleeve. For

this purpose the sleeve is provided with spring-pressed rollers or roller bearings which bear onthe top of the sleeve to keep it in place. 1.

It is a still further object to provide the sleeve with gear teeth or with a gear ring which is provided at the lower end of the sleeve and which is adaptedto mesh with a worm wheel mounted ona shaft which is geared to and driven by the crank shaft.

Still further obj ects will be apparent from the following specification, considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which like reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout 1 the several views and in which: 1 Figure 1 is a vertical section through an "internal combustion engine,

Figure 2 is" a horizontal section taken on line 22 of Fig.1," 1 I Figure 3 is'a top view of the sleeve and the worm wheeland its shaft. the sleeve being in section,- 1 j Figure 4 is a vertical section through line l-4cofFig.3,

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a modified detail of the engine showing the sealing ring in the head of the cylinder,

Figure 6 is a vertical section through a modified form of therotar sleeve,

Figure 7 is a cross SBCtlOIl of the sleeve taken on line 77 of Fig. 4, and

contact with the top of the sleeves. roller. bearings are pressed in order to force the sleeve atall Figure 8 is a cross section of a modified form of valve opening.

The enginecomprises the block 13 having the usual crankshaft 18 mounted therein. The top of the block is closed by the head 14 which is water jacketed as are also the cylinders. The engine block is provided with the chambers or cylinders 42 in each of which a sleeve valve 9 is rotatably mounted and in the sleeve the pistons 4 are adapted to reciprocate. By means ofthe usual pis ton rods 17 the power is transmitted to the crank shaft 18. I 1

The combustion chambers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are therefore each formed by means ofthe piston, sleeve valve and the respective head projection 43 of the head 14. The sleeves are mountedin the cylinders and are maintained in place by means of tapered upper portions 40 which cooperate :with corresponding tapered portions, 44' in the respective cylinders. The tapered portions are adapted to keep the sleeves in their proper places and prevent any downward movement thereof, since the portionsee act as bearings for the sleeves. In the head of the engine grooves 45 are provided in which roller bearings 15 are mounted which are adapted to preferably springtimes on the bearing 44 to. thus prevent movement of the-sleeve at all times except ofcourse a rotary motion. In ordertoseal the top ofeachicombustion "chamber a rim 30iis provided in the groove 46 of thehea projection 43 of the head whichiis adapted to bear against the inner sideofithe sleeve.

The pair of spark "plugs may :be omitted and a single spark plug provided in place thereof in thehead of eachcylinder. I 1 In orderlto supply :the sleeves with the rotary motion, a gear wheel-20 is mounted onthe crank shaft which meshes with a similar gear wheel 19 mounted on the shaft 21.

Each sleeve is provided with gear teeth .or

with a gear ring 26 suitablysecured to the lower portion of the sleeve. This gear ring is adapted to mesh with a worm wheel or gear 25 which is mounted on' the shaftfll and as shown there is a worm wheel for each sleeve. It is of'course obvious that a T OF FI-CE.

These 1 of the sleeve.

rotation of the crank shaft will impart a rotary motion to each of the sleeves. In order to rigidly mount the gearing on the sleeves, each sleeve is provided with two flat portions 38 which contact with corresponding' fiat portions on the inner surface of the ring, thus providing a rigid connection.

The ear ring rotates in a groove 31 in the engine block and in order to assemble the sleeve and ring a suitable slot is provided in the engine block for each cylinder. In assembling the engine the gear ring is first inserted through the slot and into the groove 31 and the sleeve is then inserted through the top of-the engine block, and it is forced through the ring, the flat surfaces corresponding. A suitable plate or removable cover ma be placed over the slots on the side of tl ie engine block and in this way the parts may be removed for repair or replacement. The groove 31 is made a working fit for the gear ring in order to allow it to work with vibration .or distortion for expansion and contraction of the various parts and for wear The upper portionof each sleeve is pro vided with one or more ports or openings 36 which may comprise any configuration, such as circular, square, elongated, rectangular,

etc., and the ports may be suitably located, such as diametrically opposite. These ports, during a complete revolution of the sleeve register with the fuel inlets 16 arranged diametrically opposite in the cylinders and with the exhaust outlets 32 also. arranged diametrically opposite, and also with the spark plugs 33 which are secured in the side of the cylinders at diametrically opposite oints. It will therefore be apparent that or each cycle of the engine, that is, two

complete revolutions of the crank shaft, the

sleeve will make a half revolution, since the speed of the crank shaft is four times that This combination of rotations is determined by the specific teeth arrangement on the gear ring 26.

Figs. 1 and 2 siow the position of the various movable parts at the beginning of the various strokes and particularl Fi 2 shows the relation of the ports to t e in ets and outlets and the spark plugs, the arrows indicating the direction of rotation. Chamher 1 shows the beginning of the firing stroke, chamber 2 the beginning of the compression stroke, chamber 3 the exhaust stroke, and chamber 4 the intake stroke.

1 In order to provide for suitable lubrication of the sleeve one or more passages or grooves 34 may be provided in the cylinder blocks extending either vertically or spirally.

around the cylinder and these grooves are.

adapted to be filled with oil by any suitable apparatus.

The cylinder head may he a separate unit 48 for each cylinder, as shown in Fig. 5, and

for this purpose suitable bolt holes 49 are provided in order to bolt the unit to the blocks. Opening 50 in the unit is for the purpose of allowing for the passage of water in order to cool it.

In the modified sleeve valve of Fig. 6 the lower ortion 39 is in the form of a shoulder an the "ear ring or teeth are adapted to be secured thereto. The upper portion is tapered as indicated by the reference character 40. and suitable square ports 47 are provided in this portion. This tapered portion decreases the sleeve in size instead of increasing it, as in the other forms, and

the tapered portion in the motor block is tapered to correspond. This type of sleeve is adapted to be inserted into the bottom of the cylinder whereas the sleeve of Fig. 4 is inserted into the top of the cylinder.

Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of a sin le spark plug 33 in the side of the cylin er 51, a single inlet 16 for the gas, a single outlet 32 and a single port or opening 32. In this form of construction the sleeve valve will make a complete revolution for each cycle or two revolutions of the crankshaft.

The advantages of this construction over existing engines is that it operates more efficiently than the engines now in use. The sleeve valve allows for extra large area of port openings, and it is silent and positive in operation, thus producing correct opening and closing of the inlet and exhaust ports at all s eeds. 1

The tapere section of the valve is machined to fit the cylinder and in operation is mechanically lubricated, thus ensuring perfect compression. The exhaust gases do not pass over the valve seats as in the case of the poppet valve, thereby eliminating overheating of the valves and pitting of the valve seats, which is so common in poppet valve s stems. Being tapered and s ringcontroled any wear or expansion, ue to heat, is automatically adjusted. i

The spark plugs remain cleaner and cooler because they are eliminated from the cylinder during expansion, exhaust and inlet strokes. I 1

More efficient combustion is attained in the engine, due to the fact that the ignition of the charge takes place from equidistant points of-the cylinder by means of the two spark plugs.

The rotary action of the sleeve prevents the cylinders from wearing inan oval shape as it is presenting new working surfaces at all times to the working side of the iston. The exhaust gases being expe ed through the same ports in the sleeve in which the inlet charge is admitted gives better coolin and radiation of the heat, due to the The slow speed at which the valve rotates reduces wear on the valves when operating at high speeds which is due to the fact that the sleeve rotates at one fourth the speedofthe shaft.

I claim as my invention:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block having a cylindrical chamber therein which is tapered outwardly at the upperend and having exhaust and vintake and exhaust ports in the chamber walls; a gear ring mounted on the; lower end 01 said sleeve for rotatingit; and means for forcing the sleeve on its tapered bearin 2. An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block having a cylindrical chamber therein which is tapered outwardly at the upper end and having exhaust and intake ports therein; a piston; a sleeve valve rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamher and the piston reciprocating insaid sleeve, said sleeve valve having an enlarged tapered portion at the upper end forming a bearing with the tapered portion in said chamber and having an opening in the tapered portion adapted to register with the intake and exhaust ports in the chamber walls; a gear ring mounted on the lower end of said sleeve tor rotating 1t; and a plurality of roller bearings contacting with the top of the sleeve valve for forcing it down on its tapered bearing, y a

3. An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block having a cylindrical chamber therein which is tapered outwardly at the upper end and having exhaust and intake ports therein; a piston; a sleeve valve rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamher and the piston reciprocating in said sleeve, said sleeve valve having an enlarged tapered portion at the upper end forming a bearing with the tapered portion in said chamber and having an opening in the tapered portion adapted to register with the intake and exhaust ports in the chamber walls; a gear ring mounted on the lower end of said sleeve for rotating it; and a plu rality of spring-pressed rollers contacting with the top of the sleeve valve for forcing it down on its tapered bearin 4; An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block having a cylindrical chamber therein which is tapered outwardly at the upper end and having exhaust and intake ports therein; a piston; a sleeve valve rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamber and the piston reciprocating in said sleeve, saidsleeve valvehaving an enlarged tapered portion at theupper end forming a hearing with the tapered portion in said chamber and having anopening in the tapered port-ion adapted to register with the intake and exhaust ports in the chamber walls; means for rotating said sleeve; and

means for forcing the sleeve on its tapered bearing.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. STEPHEN SEYMOUR ALLWILL. 

